任何一篇文章都表达了作者一定的观点和态度，还常常会论述其他人物的观点或立场，它们是文章含义的重要组成部分。在阅读时，了解作者的语气、观点、态度、立场以及与其他人物观点之间的关系，对读懂文章的含义起着相当重要的作用。这些观点态度的提出有的直截了当，有的隐含在字里行间，有的通过词语的褒贬来体现，有的则需要通读全文，把握主旨才能领会。此类题型可细分为作者态度题(表明作者的好恶)、作者观点题(表明作者对文中某人或某事物所持的观点)和人物观点态度题。在2000年至2026年的考研试题中，作者观点题、作者态度题及人物观点态度题总共约占总题量的21%。
①The author believes/suggests/implies/holds that____.
(2020 Text 3 Q1; 2016 Text 1 Q4; 2015 Text 4 Q3、Q4; 2014 Text 4 Q4; 2014 Text 3 Q5; 2009 Text 3 Q1)
②On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?
(2008 Text 3 Q3)
③In the author's opinion/view/eyes, ____.
(2012 Text 1 Q3; 2012 Text 2 Q4; 2006 Text 1 Q5)
④The author suggests in the ... paragraph that ...
(2012 Text 1 Q5)
⑤We can learn from paragraph ... that the author believes____.
(2006 Text 4 Q4)
⑥What does the author think of...?
(2014 Text 1 Q5; 2004 Text 4 Q5)
①The author views ...'s statement about... with____.
(2018 Text 4 Q4; 2016 Text 3 Q1)
②The author's attitude towards... is one of/might be summarized as____.
(2019 Text 3 Q4; 2018 Text 3 Q5; 2017 Text 2 Q5; 2017 Text 3 Q5; 2013 Text 2 Q5)
③What is the author's attitude towards...?
(2020 Text 1 Q5; 2014 Text 4 Q1; 2007 Text 2 Q5)
④From the text, we can conclude that the author____.
(2006 Text 2 Q5)
①According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as ____.
(2020 Text 1 Q2)
②The critics think that ____.
(2014 Text 3 Q2)
③On which of the following did sb agree?
(2013 Text 4 Q2)
④To which of the following statements would sb most likely agree?
(2005 Text 4 Q3)
⑤Sb's attitude towards ... is one of ____.
(2013 Text 4 Q2; 2012 Text 4 Q5)
⑥Sb suggests ___.
(2011 Text4, Q1)
⑦In sb's view,/According to sb, ___.
(2009 Text 1 Q1)
⑧Sb would most probably agree that ___.
(2012 Text 3 Q4; 2009 Text 1 Q4)
⑨Sb(have come to) believe/hold that ___.
(2015 Text 3 Q3、Q4; 2012 Text 1 Q2)
作者的态度应是比较明确的，是支持或是反对，不能含糊其词。因此带中立色彩的词不太可能是正确答案。带有强烈的感情色彩、语气过重的选项(如：offensive攻击性的，cynical愤世忌俗的，spiteful怨恨的)也不是正确项。问作者对某事物的态度时，表示“客观”的词多为正确选项；问作者对人物观点的态度时，答案只能是肯定或否定，支持或反对。
favourable(赞成的), reserved consent(有保留的赞同), favor(支持), supportive(支持), supporting(支持的), in defense of(拥护), sympathetic to(同情支持), impartial(公正 的), objective(客观的), unbiased(没有偏见的), optimistic(乐观的), positive(积极的), admiring(羡慕的), interesting(引起兴趣的), concerned(关心的), confident(自信的), impressive(给人印象深刻的), enthusiastic support(热烈支持), understanding(理解), appreciation(欣赏)
strong disapproval(强烈反对), slight contempt(稍有蔑视), skeptical(怀疑的), suspicious(怀疑的), doubtful(怀疑的), critical(批判的), opposed to(反对), biased(有偏见的), hostile(敌对的), pessimistic(悲观的), disappointed(失望的), puzzling(迷惑的), confused(迷惑), indignant(愤怒的), apprehensive(忧虑惶惑的), sensitive(敏感的), gloomy(忧郁的), scared(害怕的), negative(否定的), intolerable(不能忍受的), subjective(主观的), compromising(折中的), worried(担心的), indulgence(纵容的), skepticism(怀疑)
supportive of both sides(支持双方), take a detached attitude(采取超然中立的态度), indifferent(漠不关心的), detached(超然的), factual(实际的), uninterested(不感兴趣 的), neutral(中立的,不确定的), impersonal(不带个人色彩的)
1. 当文中作者的态度没有明确提出时，考生要学会根据作者使用词语的感情色彩去判断作者观点态度，如：wonderful(y), successful(y), positive(ly), active(ly), negative(Iy), unfortunate(ly), doubtful(ly)等。除了形容词和副词外，从情态动词(must, may, should) 、虚拟语气、衔接词(but, however) 也可察觉出作者的态度和立场。
[例2014 Text 1]
Q5:To which of the following would the author most probably agree?
[A]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.
分析：本文虽为典型驳论文，却始终未出现带明显贬义色彩的文字，而是利用①对其关键说辞加引号(如“change lives for the better” 、reduce “dependency”、“reforms”等) ;②反问语气(如What could be more reasonable?Help?Really?);③明褒实贬的词汇(如apparent reasonableness, on first hearing等);④虚拟语气(如末段It is as though...)等方式暗中传达对奥斯本新政的强烈批判。也即，作者支持传统的英国福利制度：无条件助人们度过失业危机，对将这一传统击得粉碎的奥斯本新政感到十分不满，[A]选项正确。
[例2006 Text 2]There is the Royal Shakespeare Company(RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon...
The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC's actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It's all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor(with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.
Q5:From the text we can conclude that the author____·
[A]is supportive of both sides
[B]favors the townsfolk's view
[C]takes a detached attitude
[D]is sympathetic to the RSC
分析：本题考查作者对于文中介绍的双方——RSC与小镇居民——的态度。作者在第一段介绍RSC时使用了褒义词“上演经典戏剧作品”;而第二段谈到小镇居民对于RSC演员的厌恶时则指出“为小镇居民提供生计的莎士比亚就是个演员，这真是一个讽刺”, 此处使用反讽语气。由此可以看出，作者是同情支持RSC 的。
2. 在两方对立情况下，作者往往支持一方，反对一方。
[例2003 Text 3]But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.
...Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.
Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost ...“Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?" asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers...
Q:The author's attitude towards “captive shippers” is____.
[A]critical
[B]sympathetic
[C]neutral
[D]opposing
分析：这是一篇关于铁路公司合并可能引起垄断的文章。文章分别论述了支持方和反对方的观点， 接着作者就对立双方的观点进行评价。文中提到托运商对合并的反应是“抱怨”, 认为铁路公司会“掐他们的脖子”后，作者接着指出合并将使“受牵制的”托运商被索价过高，虽然有权上诉，却因为既耗财又耗时而很难生效。而当文中提到铁路公司提出“合并从长远来看，会降低所有人的成本的”观点后，作者却通过引用对它发出了质疑：“难道我们真的想让铁路公司成为市场上决定谁败谁荣的裁决者?”因此，作者的立场是同情和支持托运商，[B]项是作者的态度。
3. 举例或引用是为文章主题或作者论点而服务，因此例证或引用的话语也有助于判断作者的观点态度。
[例2006 Text 4]And since these messages have an agenda—to lure us to open our wallets—they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.
Q3:In the author's opinion, advertising___.
[D]creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself
分析：作者首先指出，商业文化(以广告为代表)传达快乐信息的目的是诱使人们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信。随后以一则药品广告为例，指出商业信息只宣扬快乐却没有提示潜在危险。可见作者的观点是：广告创造快乐的假象而不是快乐本身。
4. 作者的态度与观点有时候隐含在字里行间,这就需要通读全文, 把握文章的主旨与基调。
[例2012 Text 1] Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.
Q5:The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is____.
[D]questionable
分析：作者首先指出社会治疗能否成功引导我们选择正确群体并引向正确道德方向还尚难定论(far less certain), 随即指出教师通过调位来安排学生选择群体这种策略从未起过作用，社会治疗有其问题。
5. 在作者引用别人观点时，考生首先要明确该观点是作者支持的还是抨击的对象，作者持反对或批评态度的对象群体所反对的观点，可能是作者本人支持的观点。
[例2012 Text 2]The legal issues in the case are obscure; whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.
Q4:In the author's view, the Vermont case will test____.
[D]the limits of states' power over nuclear issues
分析：作者观点借用legal scholar表达出来，those powers指代的是上文提及的各州对核能具备调控权力，正确项是对how far ... extend的同义改写。
