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医学英语考研复试–SCI文献翻译食管癌

  • 2026-09-06 15:25:03
医学英语考研复试–SCI文献翻译食管癌
The prognosis of locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the esophagus after surgery only is poor. Therefore a definitive chemoradiotherapy (RCTx) was also discussed as the therapy of choice. Besides tumor biology, patient-related factors, such as alcohol and nicotine abuse increase the perioperative mortality and morbidity. Multimodal treatment can improve the outcome in comparison to surgery alone. A recently published meta-analysis confirmed that preoperative RCTx followed by surgery improves the prognosis compared to surgery alone in SCC of the esophagus. After chemotherapy this effect is less pronounced. Patients with a complete histopathological response (pCR) after preoperative RCTx have a 5-year survival rate of more than 55% and a low probability of local recurrence. However, a pCR cannot be predicted neither by negative biopsy nor by negative FDG-PET uptake after RCTx. Up to now FDG-PET has shown a low impact for response prediction or therapy modification in SCC of the esophagus in clinical studies. Responding patients should be transferred to surgery after preoperative treatment, because of a reduced perioperative morbidity and mortality and improved prognosis.

一、难词汇总

  1. **Prognosis**  /prɒɡˈnəʊsɪs/ 预后(对疾病发展结果的预测) |
  2. **Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)**  /ˈskweɪməs sɛl ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmə/ 鳞状细胞癌
  3. **Definitive Chemoradiotherapy (RCTx)**  /dɪˈfɪnətɪv ˌkiːməʊˌreɪdiəʊˈθerəpi/ 根治性放化疗(以治愈为目标的放化疗联合方案) |
  4. **Perioperative**  /ˌperɪˈɒpərətɪv/ 围手术期的(围绕手术全过程的)
  5. **Mortality**  /mɔːˈtæləti/ 死亡率
  6. **Morbidity**  /mɔːˈbɪdəti/ 发病率;并发症发生率
  7. **Multimodal Treatment**  /ˌmʌltiˈməʊdl ˈtriːtmənt/ 多模式治疗(结合多种方法的综合治疗)
  8. **Meta-analysis**  /ˈmetə əˈnæləsɪs/ 荟萃分析(对多项研究结果的系统整合分析)
  9. **Preoperative**  /ˌpriːˈɒpərətɪv/ 术前的
  10. **Complete Histopathological Response (pCR)**  /kəmˈpliːt ˌhɪstəʊˌpæθəˈlɒdʒɪkəl rɪˈspɒns/ 完全病理缓解(治疗后病理检查未见存活癌细胞)
  11. **Local Recurrence**  /ˈləʊkl rɪˈkʌrəns/ 局部复发(肿瘤在原发部位再次出现)
  12. **Biopsy**  /ˈbaɪɒpsi/ 活检(活体组织取样检查)

二、本段翻译

局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌仅接受手术治疗的预后较差。因此,根治性放化疗也被讨论为首选治疗方案。除肿瘤生物学特性外,患者相关因素(如酒精和尼古丁滥用)会增加围手术期死亡率及并发症发生率。与单纯手术相比,多模式治疗可改善患者预后。近期发表的荟萃分析证实,对于食管鳞癌,术前放化疗联合手术较单纯手术能改善预后;而单纯术前化疗的效果则较弱。术前放化疗后达到完全病理缓解的患者,其5年生存率超过55%,且局部复发概率较低。然而,无论是放化疗后的阴性活检结果还是FDG-PET摄取阴性,均无法预测能否实现完全病理缓解。迄今临床研究显示,FDG-PET在食管鳞癌疗效预测或治疗方案调整方面作用有限。对治疗有反应的患者应在术前治疗后接受手术,因其可降低围手术期并发症风险与死亡率,并改善预后。

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